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Shoes are as old as history itself . Shoemaking is the process of making footwear . For most of history , shoemaking has been a handicraft . Originally , shoes were made one at a time by hand . Most villages had their own maker . The craftsman took orders from individual customers to meet their requirements . This would encourage different styles and shapes to appear .
The most basic foot protection , used since ancient times in the Mediterranean area , was the sandal . Sandals were found mainly in warmer regions where the soles of the feet needed some protection but the top of the feet needed to stay cool enough to keep the person comfortable . In colder regions , moccasins were to be found for they offered greater protection . Both sandals and moccasins were made of various types of bark , leaves and rawhide .
The protection of wooden shoes was widespread in Medieval Europe . They were made from a single piece of wood roughly cut into shoe form . A variant of this form were clogs : wooden soles to which a leather upper was attached .
By the 1600s , leather shoes came in two main types . ' Turn shoes ' consisted of one thin flexible sole , which was sewed to the upper and turned over when completed . This type was used for making slippers and similar shoes .